My Notes – Early Childhood Education Diploma

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Sampling Observation

Posted on | April 16, 2009 | No Comments

Time sampling

  • Observe what happens in a given period of time
  • Record the frequency of certain behaviour occurrence over time
  • Behaviour must be overt and frequent (at least every 15 minutes)
  • Observe specified behaviour of an individual or a group
  • Record presence or absence of behaviour
  • Can record whom children interact with
  • Can record what experience they engaged with
  • Can record experience of routine time
  • Must prepare ahead of time (the specific behaviour, time interval, how to record)
  • Duration recording, simply record “1″(behaviour occur) or “0″(does not occur)
  • Event recording, shows the frequency of the behaviour event

Concurrent time-sampling technique

  • Single time unit stipulates how long the observer observes and records before moving on to next subject
  • Observation and recording done at the same time

Delayed time-sampling technique

  • Two separate time units, one for observation and another for coding

Advantages:

  • Less time and effort compare to narrative recording
  • Objective and controlled
  • Record one child or more child at one time
  • Useful information on intervals and frequencies of behaviour
  • Qualitative result

Disadvantages:

  • Not an open method, may miss important behaviour
  • Does not describe the behaviour
  • Does not keep units of behaviour intact
  • Might be biased
  • Limited to observable behaviours that occur frequently
  • Focuses on one type of behaviour

Event Sampling

  • Wait and record specific preselect behaviour
  • Study condition under which particular behaviour occur
  • Learn what triggers a particular behaviour
  • How man time a certain behaviour occurs
  • When behaviour occurs at odd times or infrequently
  • Analysis of cause and effect
  • Must define the event
  • Determine setting
  • Takes most advantageous position to observe the behaviour, wait for it to occur

ABC analysis event sampling

  • Causes and result
  • What precedes and what follows
  • A = antecedent event
  • B = behaviour
  • C = consequent event

Tally event sampling / frequency count / frequency event sampling

  • Similar to ABC analysis event sampling
  • Determine how often a specific event or behaviour occurs
  • Record a tally or tick every time the behaviour occurs
  • Qualitative data
  • Useful for research
  • Wide range of topics

Advantages:

  • Event or behaviour intact, allows easy analysis
  • More objective as it’s defined ahead of time
  • Useful in examine infrequent or rarely occur behaviours

Disadvantages:

  • Take the event out of context
  • Closed method
  • Misses the richness of detail
Category: Observation & Assessment of Young Children

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