Stages of emergent writing:

• Drawing
• Scribbling
• Invented or pseudo-letters
• Random letters
• Emergent spelling

Instructional approaches in printing:

• Traditional approach
  Play and learning, given with materials and free time and let them discover.
• Readiness approach
  Provide writing materials and models, program is planned.
• Natural approach
  Provide writing and reading materials and models, planned program emphasizes print in daily life.

Indentifiable stages in invented spelling:

• Spelling awareness
• Primitive spelling with no relationship between spelling and words
• Prephonetic spelling
• Phonetic spelling
• Correct spelling