Phonics – the relationship between the letters of written language and the sounds of spoken language

Phonemes – smallest units of speech

Phonics is a method of teaching speakers of English to read and write that language.

Phonological awareness:

• teach children to attend to and manipulate speech sounds in words
• effective under a variety of teaching conditions and with a variety of learners
• teaching sounds in language helps the children to learn to read
• decode novel words, remember and read familiar words
• boost reading comprehension
• learn to spell
• instructions should be suitable for child’s developmental level
• teach in small group and bits by bits
• aware that alphabet letters is important
• blend phonemes
• important to lean letter shapes, sounds, and names
• let them know the importance of phonics in their life
• instructions does not need to consume long periods of time to be effective
• computer can be used
• understand and use alphabetic system to read and write
• critical foundation piece
• short and as relevant as possible
• cannot guarantee later literacy success

Phonemic awareness training exercise:

• directing children’s attention to rhyme
• segmenting morphemes and syllables
• categorizing sounds
• identify syllables
• illustrating phonemic contrasts
• experience relevant articulatory gestures
• using segmentation and identification games at the phonemic level

Different phonics approaches:

• Synthetic phonics
• Analytical phonics
• Analogy phonics