Must start to prepare notes for exam, it’s going to be a lot! It won’t be as easy as it used to be as the lecturers need to prepare two papers and means we have to learn more. Sigh…

Example of equpiments:
Slide, see saw, swing, climber, balancing beam, platform, sand pit, tire(tyre)

Example of props:
Tunnel, rhythm stick, parachute, scarve, beanbag, shaker, skipping rope, ball, mat, hoop, streamer

Physical education can be integrated in other subjects. Example:

Language art:
They can learn about “front”, “back”, “up”, “down”, “stand”, “sit”, “crawl”, “creep”, “forward”, “backward” etc using the props or equipments.

Art:
They can explore colours, shape, line, texture when drawing, colouring, cutting etc. Movements are involved indirectly such as fine and gross motorskill.

Mathematics
They can learn about the concept of size, stacking, sorting, matching, numbers, geometry and computation.

Science
They can explore, navigate, solve problem, and discovery with their body such as senses, nutrition, hygience, gravity etc.

Advantages of integrating other subjects with physical activities are:

• Children will be readily attend to the learning task
• Children can deal with reality
• Result oriented, easy to monitor the ability and the understanding of the children
• Enhance their senses
• Provide them with incentive, when they are successful in doing certain movement, they will feel the satisfaction even though no material things are given
• Encourage positive attitudes

Inter/Intrapersonal/Spatial/Social
Good in interacting with people and easy to make friends.
Positive effect: Can be a good sales person, councellor, social worker
Negative effect: Easily influcences people to do bad things, proud, manipulate people feelings, commit crimes

Kinesthetic
Have high level of energy, good physical activities as dancing, running, swimming…
Positive effect: Be sportsmen representing country in sporting events, encourage healthy and active lifestyle
Negative effect: Harm people who are weaker than them

Musical
Good in playing musical instruments, composing songs and etc.
Positive effect: Provide entertainment
Negative effect: Sound pollution, fan obsessions

Numerical
Good sense of numbers
Positive effect: Earn money, improve economy
Negative effect: Corruptions, obssession with money

Linguistic
Good in language art
Positive effect: Share knowledge
Negative effect: Provide misleading information

Natural
Love nature.
Positive effect: Protect the ecosystem
Negative effect: Disrupt ecosystem

If a person looks up: Active Learner
They must get involve in things they learn, must have hands on activities.

If a person looks down: Visual Learner
Attractive props for learning can be prepared, there must be step by step instructions, differences must be made clear, reading materials must be available.

If a person looks sideway: Audible Learner
There should not be interruption, must hear the right information, do not confused them. Usually has low self-esteem.

Emotional/Psychological
Sample activities: role playing, dance, sand/water play. drawing, singing

Creative
Sample activities: arts/crafts, music/movement, pantomime/drama

Social
Sample activities: pantomime, playing in group, passing message

Intellectual
Sample activities: reading, sorting/matching/comparing, puzzles, blocks

Spiritual(believeing something that is bigger than them exist)
Sample activities: moral, religion

• Movement can improve a special child’s self concept.
• Help the child discover each body parts and fit the whole schema of a human body. Indirectly will help define his/her image.
• Improve confidence and realised that he/she is part of a group, he/she is not alone.
• Not easy for them to follow imposed rhythm.
• Doing activities that involves parents and therapists will have better effect.
• Activities such as blinking eyes, twitching the fingers

Children with Physical Challenge

• With physical disabilities such as spine bifida, celebral palsy, arthritis, deformed body parts
• Mobility is restricted
• Sample activities such as movement of arm and shoulder, move the neck

Children with Hearing Impairments

• Problem with semicircular canals
• Good in visual and kinesthetic skills
• Normally have balancing problem, refrain from balancing activities
• Place the children in front when having activity
• No background music or other distraction sounds
• Face the children when speak
• Speaking in low tone
• Make effort to learn sign language otherwise use body language or facial expression
• Activities such as place hand on record to feel the vibration, laying on the floor to feel the vibration with their body, ask the children to imitate whatever you are doing

Children with Visual Impairments

• Totally or partially blind
• Good auditorial and tactile skills
• Encourage movement to alleviate fear
• Introduce statement or feedback when doing movement such as “you are bending your arm”
• For partially blind, use big and bright colours props and equipments
• Activities such as “touching” activity(hold hand with other child moving from one place to another)

Children with Emotional Disabilities

• Hyperactive, aggressive, lack of self-control, refusal to participate in activities
• Usually lags behind physical and motor skill
• Give praise and positive encouragements to get desired behaviour
• Shun songs with lyrics with disturbing association e.g. Rock a Bye Baby
• Intorduce soothing, soft music
• Introduce balancing activities, locomotor and non-locomotor activities

Children with Learning Disabilities

• Usually posses average or above average intelligence
• Problem with writing and spoken language
• Problem with motor skill, difficulty with body and spatial awareness, coordination
• Problem in following instructions/directions
• Shorter attention span, easily discourage
• Like to be given attention, follow and immitate
• Sample activities that require multi-sensory apporach(eye, body, ear, voice, music), repeat activites

• Have sensitivity to problems
• Better fluency in all aspects by producing large number of ideas
• Be flexible in adapting to any situation with various ideas or variety of approaches
• Have originatlity in whatever she/she is doing by producing new, unsual, innovative ideas
• Elaborate about something by filling in details when not given
• Redefine something so that it is different from the intended way

Every childcare professionals should let children express, recognise, and nurture his/her own creativity potential especially those in the range of 3-5 years old.

Creativity in movement can be foster by:

• Emphasizing on devergent
• Problem solving
• Discovery
• Self expression

There is definitely no two movements that will be same. Their creativity need to be acknowledged as there is no right or wrong. This will ensure that there is no competition among each other and indirectly increase their confidence and imagination.

Personality traits of a creative child:

• Self-discipline about work
• Preseverance even when frustrated
• Independence
• Tolerance for unclear situation
• Nonconformity to society’s stereotypes
• Ability to wait for rewards
• Self-motivation to do excellent work
• Willingness to take risks

Basically what we had covered was about how children can use their rights to get what they want, how decision made during a child will affect his/her adult life, and how much intervention from the adults is needed to provide children with an acceptably good life in the future.

There’s one thing that children have the right to request for but not the adult which is to be loved. Adults cannot sue someone for not giving them love but children can because children need to be loved.

Children are allowed to make choices if they have enough knowledge and believe that it’s for their own best interest such as the consequences of not being granted with certain thing or otherwise. The court will listen to them and consider their requests if they have enough knowledge about what they want because they have the rights to be heard just like the adults. Weight is given in accordance to the age and maturity of the children.

It is surprising that many children in the US actually brought their parents to court because they couldn’t get what they want. For example, getting contraceptive because she wanted to have sex, or the parents did not give enough love to him or her and requested that he/she doesn’t want to live with his/her parents and instead live under the care of someone else.

Adults have the responsibility to provide the best they could for the children and also to protect the children from harm. However, the the adults should not forget about his/her own welfare which many parents tend put the children welfare first before themselves.

Children should be given enough choices so that they can develop well and face the adult world in the future. Parents should give as much options as possible for their children to discover themselves based on the capabilities of the parents especially financially.

Adults tend to make decision of behalf of the children based on their own knowledge and their liking. Usually what a child grow up into is most likely influenced by how they were brought up based on the parents preference. Implanting good values in children is very important however children should be given space to discover themselves by giving enough options for them in life. Adult must choose what is best for a child and not what some imagined adult version of the child would choose for him/herself.

Besides that, parents should treat every children under their care equally.

There is a problem that is widely affected everyone in this world which is “what’s best for the child in this culture is different from another culture”. However, there’s also some conflicts or disagreements within the culture itself for example canning of children. Therefore it is not easy to determine what is the best interest for the children. So at the end, we can only make sure that whatever decision we made or actions that we take for the child or on behalf of the child must be of the best interest of the child as what the children will choose if the child is an adult.

Children have the rights to grow up, this their developmental rights. If a child cannot grow up to be an adult due to sickness, they will not have the developmental rights but this child should be allowed to live his/her life to the fullest while he/she still can. They will not have the future but they should not suffer from harm during his/her lifetime and enjoy a certain standard of life just like any other healthy children especially in getting education because learning new things is what children should be doing.

When it comes to the above issue, there’s “wrongful life” comes into the picture. Example is like when a mother is pregnant and found out that the child isn’t going to develop well when he/she is born and will suffer for his/her lifetime but the mother did not want to abort the child in her womb and took the courage to give birth to the child. When the child is born, the child suffers from pain and misery throughout his/her lifetime. In this case, some people will think that this child shouldn’t be brought into this world to suffer, this child should not exist, this child is given a wrongful life. The worst thing is that, the parents decided to bring the child to this world and ended up not being able to care for him/her and some even “threw” them away!

Then again to some people, they will not agree with this “wronglful life” theory because to them abortion is wrong, no matter how the baby in the womb is, he/she must be born into this world as he/she also human beings. Abortion would mean killing another human being.

Still, at the end, it is up to the parents decision and how responsible they are.

So, that’s the summary of last Sunday’s class. Tired… Such subjective topics, there’s so many theories involved! How am I going to score? *LOL*

Anyway, this term’s subjects are pretty tough especially The Child, Family and Society as there is no definite answer for this topic, there’s a lot of arguments because it’s so subjective that everybody practically got different views regarding of the various issue that will be cover in this wubject.

Wonder will I get another straight A’s for this semester?